6ನೇ ತರಗತಿ ಸಮಾಜ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ಭಾಗ-2 (ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಮಾಧ್ಯಮ) ಪೌರನೀತಿ ಅಧ್ಯಾಯ 20 “National Integration” ಪಾಠವನ್ನು ಸರಳ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ನಲ್ಲಿ ಬಣ್ಣಬಣ್ಣದ ಚಿತ್ರಗಳು, ಆಟಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ವಿಜ್ಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ನೀಡಲಾಗಿದೆ. ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ಭಾವೈಕ್ಯತೆಯ ಅರ್ಥ, ಭಾರತದ ವೈವಿಧ್ಯತೆ, ವೈವಿಧ್ಯತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಏಕತೆ, ಏಕತೆಗೆ ಸಹಾಯಕ ಹಾಗೂ ಅಡ್ಡಿಯಾದ ಅಂಶಗಳನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯಿರಿ. ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಪ್ರಶ್ನೋತ್ತರಗಳ ಉಚಿತ PDF ಡೌನ್ಲೋಡ್ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಿ.
National Integration
The full lesson in simple words with colourful pictures, animations, games and quizzes, followed by answers to every question and activity.
Questions and answers: answer the questions, group discussion and activities.
The Lesson
India has many differences, yet its people live as one. Let us learn how.
1 What is national integration?
- National integration means the people of a country feel that they are one, without hatred, jealousy or prejudice against each other.
- It is the feeling that we are all members of one family called the Nation, without discrimination of caste, creed, sect, tribe, religion or gender.
- It strengthens the feeling that all Indians are one, which is needed to build a strong nation.
- Importance: it creates unity among the people, develops a sense of belonging needed for national interest and development, and inspires the nation’s integrity, fraternity and equality.
2 Indian diversity
- Geographical diversity: high mountains, very long rivers, vast plains; some places very cold and some very hot; deserts, thick forests, lakes, waterfalls, lovely coasts and hundreds of small islands.
- Biodiversity: very rich: about 47,000 plant species and about 90,000 animal species, including 1,232 kinds of birds and 2,546 kinds of aquatic animals. It is India’s precious wealth.
- Human diversity: people of many communities differ in appearance, language, clothing, food, customs, castes and religions.
3 Unity in diversity
- Multiculturalism or pluralism is the way of life of people who believe in different languages, cultures and religions.
- The UN Population Fund report (21 April 2023) said that by mid-2023 India would become the most populous country in the world.
- Everyone can follow the religion of their choice, speak their regional language and mix in social life. Though there are many differences, people live united: this is unity in diversity. Our Constitution supports pluralism.
Factors encouraging unity
- Secularism: India gives equal respect and opportunities to all religions.
- Democracy: no discrimination by caste, creed or religion; every man and woman has the right to vote.
- National festivals: celebrated by all Indians together.
- National symbols: the National Emblem, Anthem, Flag, Flower, Bird and Animal give a feeling of oneness.
- Mutual understanding: Central and State governments work for common goals; every part of the country depends on the others.
Though there are differences in nature, communication, media, cultures, regions, religions and languages, the people of the whole nation are united.
Factors affecting national integration
- Casteism: thinking one’s caste is superior and others inferior. It develops narrow-mindedness and harms unity.
- Communalism: believing one’s religion is superior or fighting for it. It destroys peace, harms life and property, breaks friendships and slows progress.
- Regionalism: one-sided loyalty only to one’s region. In our federal system, regional languages and cultures are important, but narrow regionalism threatens unity. We are Indians first, then belong to a state or region. Regionalism must not become separatism. To remove regional imbalance, Article 371(J) was given to Kalyana Karnataka, and Telangana was made a separate state.
By overcoming casteism, communalism, sectarianism and regionalism, national integration can be strengthened.
Game 1: Name the factor
Read the clue and tap the right factor. 8 cards!
Game 2: Helps or harms unity?
- Celebrating Republic Day together
- Saying my caste is better than yours
- Visiting a friend’s home for Eid, Diwali or Christmas
- Fighting with others because of religion
- Learning a few words of another state’s language
- Saying people from other states should not live here
- Singing the National Anthem with respect
Quick revision
- National integration: the feeling that all Indians are one family.
- India’s diversity: geographical, biodiversity and human.
- Unity in diversity: pluralism (multiculturalism), supported by our Constitution.
- Helpers: secularism, democracy, national festivals, national symbols, mutual understanding.
- Hurdles: casteism, communalism, regionalism. We are Indians first.
Questions & Answers
Exercises page 122
I. Answer the following questions
What is national integration?
Page 122National integration means the people of a country feel that they are one, without hatred, jealousy or prejudice against each other. It is the feeling that all Indians are members of one family called the Nation, without discrimination of caste, creed, sect, tribe, religion or gender.
What is meant by pluralism or multiculturalism?
Page 122Pluralism (multiculturalism) is the way of life of people who believe in different languages, cultures and religions but live together peacefully in one country. India is a good example, and our Constitution supports pluralism.
Make a list of factors which promote unity in India.
Page 122- Secularism: equal respect for all religions.
- Democracy: equal right to vote without discrimination.
- National festivals celebrated together.
- National symbols: Emblem, Anthem, Flag, Flower, Bird, Animal.
- Mutual understanding: Centre and States work for common goals; every part depends on the others.
Regionalism is sometimes problematic. Discuss.
Page 122- Regionalism is one-sided loyalty only to one’s own region.
- In our federal system, regional languages, cultures and administration are important, but narrow regionalism is not healthy.
- It creates dislike for people of other regions and can grow into separatism, a serious threat to national unity.
- We must remember we are Indians first, then belong to a state or region.
- The Constitution reduces regional imbalance, e.g. Article 371(J) for Kalyana Karnataka and the creation of Telangana.
II. Discuss in groups and answer
What are the measures that can be taken to promote national integration?
Page 122- Celebrate national and all religious festivals together.
- Respect all religions, languages and cultures.
- Avoid casteism, communalism and narrow regionalism.
- Learn other Indian languages and about other states; go on student exchange trips.
- Respect national symbols: Flag, Anthem, Emblem.
- Give equal opportunities to all; develop backward regions.
- Use media and education to spread the message “We are all Indians”.
Activities
Make a list of the problems in your area which prevent unity among the people, and find solutions.
Page 122| Problem | Solution |
|---|---|
| Discrimination by caste | Treat everyone equally; mixed seating and eating at school |
| Quarrels over religion | Celebrate each other’s festivals; peace meetings |
| Dislike for people from other states | Learn about their language and culture; welcome them |
| Rich–poor gap | Help the needy; use government schemes |
| Rumours and fake messages | Check facts before sharing |
India faces several problems relating to national integration. What are the reasons? How to overcome them? Organise a debate and list the suggestions.
Page 122Reasons: casteism, communalism, narrow regionalism, language disputes, poverty and unequal development, and spreading of hatred through rumours.
Suggestions: education about equality and the Constitution; celebrating festivals together; equal development of all regions; strict action against those who spread hatred; respecting all languages; promoting sports, arts and youth exchanges between states.
📚 Also Read
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 19 Human Rights, Fundamental Rights and Duties – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 18 Directive Principles of State Policy – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 17 Democracy – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science English Medium LBA Question Bank
