6ನೇ ತರಗತಿ ಸಮಾಜ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ ಭಾಗ-2 (ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ ಮಾಧ್ಯಮ) ಪೌರನೀತಿ ಅಧ್ಯಾಯ 17 “Democracy” ಪಾಠವನ್ನು ಸರಳ ಇಂಗ್ಲಿಷ್ನಲ್ಲಿ ಚಿತ್ರಗಳು, ಆಟಗಳು ಮತ್ತು ಕ್ವಿಜ್ಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ ನೀಡಲಾಗಿದೆ. ರಾಜರ ಆಳ್ವಿಕೆ ಮತ್ತು ಪ್ರಜಾಪ್ರಭುತ್ವದ ವ್ಯತ್ಯಾಸ, ಪ್ರಜಾಪ್ರಭುತ್ವದ ಮಹತ್ವ ಮತ್ತು ಸವಾಲುಗಳು, ಚುನಾವಣೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಮತದಾನದ ಪ್ರಕ್ರಿಯೆಯನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯಿರಿ. ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಪ್ರಶ್ನೋತ್ತರಗಳ ಉಚಿತ PDF ಡೌನ್ಲೋಡ್ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಿ.
Democracy
The full lesson in simple words with textbook pictures, animations, games and quizzes, followed by answers to every question and activity.
Questions and answers: entry questions, fill in the blanks, answer the questions, group discussion and activity.
From rule by a king to rule by the people
Voters at a polling booth
Electronic voting machineThe Lesson
Long ago kings ruled our country. Slowly their rule ended and the rule of the people, democracy, began.
Start The story of Ratnapura
Rule by a king (left) and people voting (right)King Chandrashayana ruled Ratnapura. His queen died after giving birth to a son. The king then married his court dancer, who also had a son. Both boys studied in a gurukula. When the king grew old, he made his first son the Yuvaraja (heir). The dancer queen was angry and poisoned her son’s mind. The brothers fought for power, and the king died of worry.
Because of the quarrel, the kingdom was badly ruled: people were neglected, and murders and lawlessness grew. The unhappy people met and decided to rule themselves. They made laws and everyone agreed to obey them. So the king’s rule ended and people’s rule began in Ratnapura.
1 Rule by Kings and Democracy
- Rule by Kings: all the powers of the State are held by one person, usually the king. Everything runs by his wish and there is no time limit. If the king is clever and brave, people are happy; if he is weak, his rule ends.
- Democracy: rule of a state by the elected representatives of the people. It is a political system, a government by the people, whose main aim is the welfare of the people.
Importance of democracy
- The government is run by representatives elected by the people.
- All people are equal before the law.
- Elections are held regularly and the representatives govern.
- Issues are discussed and people-friendly decisions are taken.
- People need to take wise decisions.
Challenges of democracy
- Money and muscle power may be used to get votes.
- Caste, community, language and religion may influence voting.
- Elected members may change parties for selfish reasons (defection), making the government unstable.
- Anti-social elements may get elected.
2 Election
Polling boothElectronic voting machine- Election is the process of choosing people’s representatives. Voting is an important part of it.
- Persons aged 18 years and above have the right to vote and contest elections. Voters choose candidates by secret ballot.
- Each candidate gets a symbol, so even people who cannot read can vote.
- Importance of voting: citizens express their choice of representatives, and all groups of people get a chance to be represented.
The election process (calendar of events)
- Electronic voting machines (EVMs) are now used to record votes.
- The Election Commission of India conducts elections in India and works independently.
- Polling: voters go to the polling booth and record their choice.
- Hereditary (dynasty) rule: members of the same family come to power one after another.
- Ballot paper: a paper with the list of candidates’ names and symbols.
- Secret ballot: the voter’s choice is kept secret even after the results.
- Polling booth: the place where voters cast their votes.
Game 1: What am I?
Read the clue and tap the right word. 8 cards!
Game 2: Election steps in order
Tap the 8 steps of an election in the right order.
Game 3: Rule by Kings or Democracy?
- All powers with one person
- Rulers are elected by the people
- No limit to the time of rule
- Regular elections are held
- All people equal before the law
- Power passes within one family
- Decisions after discussion
Quick revision
- Rule by Kings: one person holds all power, with no time limit.
- Democracy: rule by elected representatives; government by the people for their welfare.
- Challenges: money and muscle power, caste and religion in voting, defection, anti-social elements.
- Voting age is 18; secret ballot; symbols; 8 steps from notification to results; the Election Commission conducts elections.
Questions & Answers
Entry questions pages 95–96, 98
Look at the picture. Who is sitting on the throne? Who are on either side? What is the person on the right doing? Have you ever cast your vote?
Page 96- The king is sitting on the throne.
- His ministers and courtiers are sitting on either side.
- The person on the right is casting his vote (putting his ballot in the box).
- No, I have not voted yet; I can vote when I am 18 years old.
Who did the King bring to the throne (make Yuvaraja)?
Page 96He made his first son (the son of his first queen) the heir apparent (Yuvaraja).
Who should naturally come to the throne after the King’s death, according to Indian tradition?
Page 96The eldest son of the king.
What are the ill effects if there is a dispute for power in rule by kings?
Page 96- The administration becomes bad.
- People are neglected and become unhappy.
- Murders and lawlessness (anarchy) increase.
What is your opinion about dynastic rule?
Page 96Dynastic rule is not good, because power passes within one family even if the person is not able. Fights for power can harm the people. It is better that people choose able leaders through elections, as in democracy.
Why are people moving in a line? Have you seen such a situation? Why are symbols printed on ballot papers?
Page 98- They are standing in a line at the polling booth to cast their votes one by one.
- Yes, I have seen people in a line on election day at our school (polling booth).
- Symbols are printed so that even people who cannot read can identify their candidate and vote.
Exercises page 100
I. Fill in the blanks
If all powers are controlled by one person, it is called ________ government.
Page 100- democratic
- Rule by Kings (monarchy)
- people’s
- elected
Rule by Kings (King’s rule / monarchy)
In order to vote, a person should be ________ years.
Page 100- 16
- 18
- 21
- 25
18 years or above
The place where you cast your vote is called ________.
Page 100- ballot paper
- polling booth
- Election Commission
- Vidhana Soudha
polling booth
II. Answer the following questions
What is democracy?
Page 100Rule of a state by the elected representatives of the people is democracy. It is a government by the people, and its main aim is the welfare of the people.
What is the importance of democracy?
Page 100- The government is run by representatives elected by the people.
- All people are equal before the law.
- Elections are held regularly.
- Issues are discussed and people-friendly decisions are taken.
- People get to take wise decisions.
What are the challenges of democracy?
Page 100- Money and muscle power may be used to get votes.
- Caste, community, language and religion may influence voting.
- Elected members may change parties for selfish reasons (defection), making governments unstable.
- Anti-social elements may get elected.
What is the importance of voting?
Page 100Through voting, citizens express their choice of representatives. It gives a chance for all groups of people to be represented in the government.
III. Discuss in groups and answer
The methods candidates follow while canvassing.
Page 100- Going from house to house to meet voters and ask for votes.
- Holding public meetings, rallies and processions.
- Distributing pamphlets and putting up posters and banners.
- Advertising in newspapers, TV, radio and social media.
- Explaining their party’s promises (manifesto).
Canvassing must follow the Election Commission’s rules; giving money or gifts for votes is wrong and illegal.
Our role in the success of democracy.
Page 100- Vote in every election after the age of 18.
- Choose good candidates wisely, not because of money, caste or religion.
- Obey laws and respect others’ opinions.
- Be aware of what the government is doing and take part in discussions.
- Encourage family members and neighbours to vote.
Activity
Collect the election symbols of various political parties and prepare an album.
Page 100Collect pictures of party symbols from newspapers, posters or the Election Commission website, stick them in a scrapbook and write the party name and whether it is a national or state party below each one. (You can also note free symbols given to independent candidates.)
📚 Also Read
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 16 Indian Ideology and Bhakti Cult – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 15 The Mughals and The Marathas – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science Chapter 12 Ancient Dynasties of North India – Question Answers
- Class 6 Social Science English Medium LBA Question Bank
